Prevalence of Sexual Abuse in Adults with Intellectual Disability: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Open Access
- 17 February 2021
- journal article
- review article
- Published by MDPI AG in International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health
- Vol. 18 (4), 1980
- https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18041980
Abstract
This study presents the results of a systematic review on the prevalence of sexual abuse experienced in adulthood by individuals with intellectual disability. An electronic and manual search of academic journals was performed on four databases via EBSCO Host: Academic Search Complete, PsycINFO, Medline, CINAHL Full-Text. In addition, PubMed, ProQuest, and Web of Science (core collection) were searched. After an initial selection of 1037 documents, 25 articles remained for quantitative synthesis. The combined prevalence of sexual abuse in adults with intellectual disability was 32.9% (95% CI: 22.7–43.0) and sensitivity analysis revealed that the prevalence was not outweighed by a single study. Overall, the United Kingdom had the highest prevalence (r = 34.1%), and the USA had the lowest (r = 15.2%). The overall prevalence in females was lower (r = 31.8%) than that in males (r = 39.9%). Subgroup analyses revealed that prevalence of sexual abuse was higher in institutionalized individuals. The most prevalent profile of abuser is of a peer with intellectual disability. Prevalence increases from mild to severe levels of intellectual disability and decreases in profound levels. It is also more prevalent when the informant is the individual with intellectual disability than when someone else reports abuse. In sum, one in three adults with intellectual disability suffers sexual abuse in adulthood. Special attention should be paid for early detection and intervention in high risk situations.Keywords
This publication has 61 references indexed in Scilit:
- Homosexuality among people with a mild intellectual disability: an explorative study on the lived experiences of homosexual people in the Netherlands with a mild intellectual disabilityJournal of Intellectual Disability Research, 2012
- Sexual Violence Victimization Against Men with DisabilitiesAmerican Journal of Preventive Medicine, 2011
- Unwanted Sex Among Young Adults in the United StatesJournal of Interpersonal Violence, 2011
- The Strengthening the Reporting of Observational Studies in Epidemiology (STROBE) statement: guidelines for reporting observational studiesJournal of Clinical Epidemiology, 2008
- The Strengthening the Reporting of Observational Studies in Epidemiology (STROBE) Statement: Guidelines for Reporting Observational StudiesPLoS Medicine, 2007
- The impact of alleged abuse on behaviour in adults with severe intellectual disabilitiesJournal of Intellectual Disability Research, 2007
- Measuring inconsistency in meta-analysesBMJ, 2003
- Sexual Abuse in Adults with Learning DisabilitiesBritish Journal of Learning Disabilities, 1994
- Patterns of sexual abuse and assaultSexuality and Disability, 1991