Locating Smartphones Indoors Using Built-In Sensors and Wi-Fi Ranging With an Enhanced Particle Filter
Open Access
- 31 December 2018
- journal article
- research article
- Published by Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) in IEEE Access
- Vol. 7, 95140-95153
- https://doi.org/10.1109/ACCESS.2019.2927387
Abstract
Sensors-based and radio frequency (RF)-based indoor localization technology is one of the keys in location-based services. The IEEE 802.11-2016 introduced the Wi-Fi fine timing measurement (FTM) protocol, which provides a new approach for Wi-Fi-based indoor localization. However, Wi-Fi signals are susceptible to complex indoor environments. To improve the positioning accuracy and stability, an enhanced particle filter (PF) with two different state update strategies, a new criterion for divergence monitoring and rapid re-initialization is proposed to integrate the advantages of pedestrian dead reckoning (PDR) and Wi-Fi FTM. In addition, an adaptive tilt compensation is proposed to improve real-time heading estimation of conventional PDR, and the Wi-Fi FTM outliers are detected by displacement estimation of the PDR. The experimental results show that the proposed PF has better localization performance than the single source positioning methods in a typical indoor scenario. The accuracy of final localization is within 1 m in 86.7% of the dynamic cases and the average calculation time is less than 0.5 s when the number of particles is 2000.Keywords
Funding Information
- National Basic Research Program of China (2016YFB0502200, 2016YFB0502201)
- National Natural Science Foundation of China (91638203)
- Wuhan University (201910486002)
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