The distribution of fitness effects of new mutations

Abstract
The distribution of fitness effects (DFE) is a fundamental entity in genetics that describes what proportion of new mutations are advantageous, neutral or deleterious. The shape of the DFE varies between species and depends on factors such as population size and genome size. The DFE differs between coding and non-coding DNA. Advantageous mutations are rare. The DFE of strongly advantageous mutations has an exponential distribution. The DFE of deleterious mutations is a complex, multi-modal distribution.