Facility Size versus Distance Travelled: Urban Services and the Fold Catastrophe

Abstract

The relationship is investigated between facility size and distance travelled to reach facilities. A model is presented of the optimum facility size in relation to size benefits and travel costs. The dynamics of change turn out to be described by the fold catastrophe. The behaviour characterised by the model is analysed in relation to various delay conventions. The implications for the conventional shopping model are explored and an alternative model is presented.