Rapid method of stress intensity factor calculation for semi-elliptical surface breaking cracks under three-dimensional contact loading
- 1 May 2006
- journal article
- research article
- Published by SAGE Publications in Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part F: Journal of Rail and Rapid Transit
- Vol. 220 (3), 219-234
- https://doi.org/10.1243/09544097jrrt27
Abstract
Fast methods of stress intensity factor calculation for inclined surface breaking cracks under contact loading are presented. Cracks are loaded in normal and tangential traction by a three-dimensional Hertzian elliptical contact patch, and friction between the crack faces is considered. Stress intensities are calculated from Green's functions originally developed for two-dimensional cracks through application of stresses on a plane below the three-dimensional contact patch, in place of those previously considered for a two-dimensional contact. This approach gives the method great speed advantages over fully three-dimensional methods. Both semi-circular and semi-elliptical cracks are examined. The validity of the approximations and the results are judged by validation with results from alternative fully three-dimensional cases. Very good agreement is found between trends in stress intensity factor with changes in crack size and applied tractions. Absolute values of stress intensity factor agree well for semicircular and shallow semi-elliptical cracks, but values were below those of the reference case for deep, narrow semi-elliptical cracks. Calibration of the model to overcome this under-prediction is discussed. A case of special value in railway rail-wheel contact modelling is that of a contact offset to the side of a crack, representing the wheel running alongside rather than directly across an existing crack. This configuration results from the common procedure of grinding the rail to change or maintain its cross-sectional profile. The three-dimensional contact patch methods presented here enable this case to be modelled while retaining very fast running times for the calculations.Keywords
This publication has 27 references indexed in Scilit:
- A rolling contact fatigue crack driven by squeeze fluid filmFatigue & Fracture of Engineering Materials & Structures, 2002
- THE INFLUENCE OF CRACK-FACE FLUID PRESSURE ON THE FATIGUE CRACK PROPAGATION DUE TO ROLLING CONTACT WITH FRICTIONAL HEATJournal of Thermal Stresses, 2002
- A simple method of stress intensity factor calculation for inclined surface-breaking cracks with crack face friction under contact loadingProceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part J: Journal of Engineering Tribology, 1999
- A simple method of stress intensity factor calculation for inclined fluid-filled surface-breaking cracks under contact loadingProceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part J: Journal of Engineering Tribology, 1999
- Three-Dimensional Fracture Mechanics Analysis of Pit ormation Mechanism Under Lubricated Rolling-Sliding Contact LoadingTribology Transactions, 1994
- Propagation of Semi-Elliptical Surface Cracks in Lubricated Rolling/Sliding Elliptical ContactsJournal of Tribology, 1991
- The Influence of Crack Face Friction and Trapped Fluid on Surface Initiated Rolling Contact Fatigue CracksJournal of Tribology, 1988
- Mechanism of Surface Crack Growth in Lubricated Rolling/Sliding Spherical ContactJournal of Applied Mechanics, 1986
- Mechanism of Crack Growth in Lubricated Rolling/Sliding ContactA S L E Transactions, 1985
- Pitting Due to Rolling ContactJournal of Applied Mechanics, 1935