Femtosecond Visualization of Lattice Dynamics in Shock-Compressed Matter
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- 11 October 2013
- journal article
- other
- Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS) in Science
- Vol. 342 (6155), 220-223
- https://doi.org/10.1126/science.1239566
Abstract
The ultrafast evolution of microstructure is key to understanding high-pressure and strain-rate phenomena. However, the visualization of lattice dynamics at scales commensurate with those of atomistic simulations has been challenging. Here, we report femtosecond x-ray diffraction measurements unveiling the response of copper to laser shock-compression at peak normal elastic stresses of ~73 gigapascals (GPa) and strain rates of 109 per second. We capture the evolution of the lattice from a one-dimensional (1D) elastic to a 3D plastically relaxed state within a few tens of picoseconds, after reaching shear stresses of 18 GPa. Our in situ high-precision measurement of material strength at spatial (<1 micrometer) and temporal (<50 picoseconds) scales provides a direct comparison with multimillion-atom molecular dynamics simulations.Keywords
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