SOME CHARACTERISTICS OF 9‐YEAR‐OLD BOYS WITH GENERAL READING BACKWARDNESS OR SPECIFIC READING RETARDATION
- 1 May 1985
- journal article
- research article
- Published by Wiley in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry
- Vol. 26 (3), 407-421
- https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-7610.1985.tb01942.x
Abstract
In 1975 Rutter and Yule distinguished between specific reading retardation and general reading backwardness. In a sample of 952 nine yr olds from Dunedin, New Zealand, 4.2% were identified as specific reading retarded and 4.1% as having general reading backwardness. Boys from each problem group were compared with boys without reading delay. General reading backwardness was associated with a history of long-term cognitive and motor delay. Specific reading retardation was only associated with lower verbal IQ and poor speech articulation. A number of differences between the findings of Rutter and Yule, and the present results were noted.Keywords
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