In 1928, one of us (Dr. Bargen)1 reported nineteen cases encountered at the Mayo Clinic in which a malignant neoplasm was associated with a lesion of long-standing, chronic ulcerative colitis and one case of lymphatic leukemia associated with progressive, fulminating, chronic ulcerative colitis. In three of the nineteen cases proof of a malignant condition lay in the development of a large filling defect in the colon, with a sudden and rapid change of symptoms and with signs of obstruction, cachexia and anemia; in fourteen cases a specimen removed either at operation or at necropsy established the diagnosis of carcinoma, and in two cases, the diagnosis of lymphosarcoma. The cases in this series had many striking features in common. The sudden change in symptoms, the rapid failure of the patients, the apparent futility of treatment and the early demise of the patients were noteworthy. Of the twenty patients only one