Optimising diffusion weighted MRI for imaging metastatic and myeloma bone disease and assessing reproducibility
- 7 April 2011
- journal article
- research article
- Published by Springer Science and Business Media LLC in European Radiology
- Vol. 21 (8), 1713-1718
- https://doi.org/10.1007/s00330-011-2116-4
Abstract
Objectives To establish normal bone marrow values of apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) over an age range, compare them with metastatic and myelomatous involvement, to establish reproducibility and to optimise b values. Methods The ADCs of bone marrow in 7 volunteers (mean age 29.7 years), 34 volunteers (mean age 63.3 years) and 43 patients with metastatic and myelomatous involvement (mean age 65.5 years) were measured. In 9 volunteers diffusion weighted MRI was repeated within 7 days. b values were derived to optimise contrast between normal and pathological marrow. Results The mean ADC of bone marrow in younger volunteers was significantly higher than that of older volunteers. The coefficient of reproducibility was 14.8%. The ADC mean of metastatic and myeloma bone disease was \( {1}0{54} + / - {456} \times {1}0 ^{-6} {\text{mm}}^{2}{\text{s}} ^{-1} \). An ADC threshold of 655 × 10−6 mm2s−1 separated normal and abnormal marrow with a sensitivity and specificity of 90% and 93% respectively. Contrast between normal and abnormal marrow was optimal at b = 1389 smm−2. Conclusion The reproducibility of ADC measurements in bone is equivalent to published data for soft tissue with a high sensitivity and specificity for separating abnormal from age matched normal bone marrow. A b value of around 1,400 smm−2 is optimal for imaging bone marrow.
Keywords
This publication has 23 references indexed in Scilit:
- Detection of bone metastases using diffusion weighted magnetic resonance imaging: comparison with 11C-methionine PET and bone scintigraphyMagnetic Resonance Imaging, 2010
- Quantitative and Diffusion MR Imaging as a New Method To Assess OsteoporosisAmerican Journal Of Neuroradiology, 2007
- Diffusion-Weighted MRI in the Body: Applications and Challenges in OncologyAmerican Journal of Roentgenology, 2007
- An Imaging Biomarker of Early Treatment Response in Prostate Cancer that Has Metastasized to the BoneCancer Research, 2007
- Introduction to diffusion tensor imaging mathematics: Part III. Tensor calculation, noise, simulations, and optimizationConcepts in Magnetic Resonance Part A, 2006
- Diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging and its application to cancerCancer Imaging, 2006
- Bone marrow diffusion in osteoporosis: Evaluation with quantitative MR diffusion imagingJournal of Magnetic Resonance Imaging, 2004
- Reduction of eddy‐current‐induced distortion in diffusion MRI using a twice‐refocused spin echoMagnetic Resonance in Medicine, 2002
- Evaluating Pediatric Brain Tumor Cellularity with Diffusion-Tensor ImagingAmerican Journal of Roentgenology, 2001
- Histology of normal haemopoiesis: bone marrow histology. I.Journal of Clinical Pathology, 1992