The kinase PDK1 integrates T cell antigen receptor and CD28 coreceptor signaling to induce NF-κB and activate T cells

Abstract

The mechanism by which the coreceptor CD28 contributes to T cell activation is vague. Ghosh and colleagues find that CD28 facilitates NF-κB activation by regulating recruitment and phosphorylation of the kinase PDK1. In addition to ligation of the T cell antigen receptor (TCR), activation of the CD28 coreceptor by the costimulatory molecule B7 is required for induction of the transcription factor NF-κB and robust T cell activation, although the contribution of CD28 to this process remains incompletely understood. We show here that phosphoinositide-dependent kinase 1 (PDK1) is essential for integrating the TCR and CD28 signals. After we deleted PDK1 from T cells, TCR-CD28 signals were unable to induce activation of NF-κB or phosphorylation of protein kinase C-θ, although T cell survival and pathways dependent on the kinases p38 and Jnk or the transcription factor NFAT were unaffected. CD28 facilitated NF-κB activation by regulating recruitment and phosphorylation of PDK1, which are necessary for efficient binding of PDK1 to protein kinase C-θ and the adaptor CARMA1 and thus for NF-κB induction.