TGF-β and the TGF-β Family: Context-Dependent Roles in Cell and Tissue Physiology
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Open Access
- 2 May 2016
- journal article
- review article
- Published by Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory in Cold Spring Harbor Perspectives in Biology
- Vol. 8 (5), a021873
- https://doi.org/10.1101/cshperspect.a021873
Abstract
The transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) is the prototype of the TGF-β family of growth and differentiation factors, which is encoded by 33 genes in mammals and comprises homo- and heterodimers. This review introduces the reader to the TGF-β family with its complexity of names and biological activities. It also introduces TGF-β as the best-studied factor among the TGF-β family proteins, with its diversity of roles in the control of cell proliferation and differentiation, wound healing and immune system, and its key roles in pathology, for example, skeletal diseases, fibrosis, and cancer.Keywords
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