Two-headed dynein arm

Abstract
The outer dynein arms in 21S dynein fraction from sea urchin [Pseudocentrotus depressus] sperm axonemes and those in NaCl-extracted 50,000 g supernatant fraction from Tetrahymena ciliary axonemes were examined by EM applying a negative staining technique. The extracted outer dynein arm was not seen as a linear polymer of several subunits, but had a heart-like or Y-shaped structure with dimensions of approximately 20 .times. 25 nm. The distal regions of the dynein arm was split with a shallow cleft into 2 heads, each being a globular subunit of about 10 nm in diameter.