This paper summarizes the results of research, funded by the Canadian Energy Pipeline Association (CEPA), to determine whether the initiation of near-neutral pH stress corrosion cracking (SCC) could be correlated with pipe metallurgical factors. The factors considered included residual stress, surface roughness, chemical composition, cyclic stress-strain behavior, inclusion properties (number, area, and composition), microhardness, and local galvanic behavior. The project focused on pipes installed from the 1950s through 1970s that exhibit near-neutral-pH SCC. Fourteen pipe samples were examined, ranging in diameter from 8 to 42 inches and grades from X52 to X70.