Leptin in obesity

Abstract

The identification and sequencing of the mouse obese (ob) gene by Friedman's group in 19942 opened important new avenues in obesity research and have already led to overwhelming research activity.3 In homozygous ob/ob mice, the mutation of the ob gene results in increased food intake, reduced energy expenditure, elevated insulin and cortisol levels, and subsequently, in massive obesity and non-insulin dependent diabetes mellitus.2 The ob gene encodes a protein, leptin, which is produced only in fat cells and secreted into the blood. There are two different strains of ob/ob mice: one with a mutation that establishes a stop codon within the ob gene, resulting in the production of a truncated, inactive protein; the other with a mutation that produces no protein at all.2 Administration of leptin corrects the multiple metabolic disturbances.4