Final-State Interactions in the Production of Hydrogen and Helium Isotopes by Relativistic Heavy Ions on Uranium

Abstract

Double-differential cross sections have been measured for high-energy $p$, $d$, $t$, ${}_{}{}^3{}_{}{}^{}\mathrm{He}$, and ${}_{}{}^4{}_{}{}^{}\mathrm{He}$ particles emitted from uranium targets irradiated with ${}_{}{}^{20}{}_{}{}^{}\mathrm{Ne}$ ions at energies of 250, 400, and 2100 MeV/nucleon and ${}_{}{}^4{}_{}{}^{}\mathrm{He}$ ions at 400 MeV/nucleon. By using the shape and yield of the proton energy spectra, the shape and yield of the $d$, $t$, ${}_{}{}^3{}_{}{}^{}\mathrm{He}$, and ${}_{}{}^4{}_{}{}^{}\mathrm{He}$ energy spectra can be deduced at all measured angles for all incident projectile energies by assuming that they are formed by a coalescence of cascade nucleons, using a model analogous to that of Butler and Pearson, and Schwarzschild and Zupančič.