The internal energy of ferromagnetics

Abstract

This paper is concerned primarily with effects connected with intrinsic magnetization—its variation with field and temperature, the magnetic specific heat, and the magneto-caloric effect. The main purpose is to analyse the experimental data with a view to deriving from them information as to the dependence of the internal energy of ferromagnetics on intrinsic magnetization and temperature. Nickel will be considered because the relevant data are more complete than for other ferromagnetics; but the points discussed have a bearing on the properties of ferromagnetics generally. Although particular aspects of the problem, under various guises, have often been dealt with before, the problem as a whole has not been considered with the detail which seems desirable for a number of reasons, some of which will be briefly indicated.