Botulinum Toxin Off-Label Use in Dermatology: A Review

Abstract

Background: Botulinum toxin is a neurotoxin produced by the bacterium Clostridium botulinum which causes a flaccid muscle paralysis. It is currently used for aesthetic treatments and in the focal hyperhidrosis. Recently, botulinum toxin has also been used experimentally in many other dermatological conditions with good results. Objective: To review and analyze the possible botulinum toxin off-label applications published. Methods: A retrospective review of the published data was conducted. Conclusions: this potent drug can lead to several off-label indications of interest for dermatologists. Further clinical trials are still needed to better understand the real efficacy and safety of these applications and to standardize injection and dose protocols.