Refractive-index-adjustable Fillers for Visible-light-cured Dental Resin Composites: Preparation of TiO 2-SiO2 Glass Powder by the Sol-gel Process

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Abstract
New fillers have been prepared for visible-light-cured (VL) dental resin composites with the refractive index adjustable to that of the resin phase. These SiO2 glass powders containing TiO2 up to 20 wt% were formed by heating to 1000°C ground gels made from a mixture of Ti[OCH(CH3)2] 4 and Si(OC2H5)4· With increasing TiO2 content, the refractive index of the prepared powder increased linearly, while the optical transmittance at 467 nm decreased linearly. The experimentally formulated VL-cured resin composites, consisting of (TEGDMA and Bis-GMA) monomer mixture and TiO2-SiO2 glass filler, had greater transmittance when the refractive index of the filler matched that of the monomer mixture, resulting in a greater degree of monomer conversion upon irradiation with VL.