Proteomic study of salivary peptides and proteins in patients with Sjögren's syndrome before and after pilocarpine treatment
- 28 June 2007
- journal article
- research article
- Published by Wiley in Arthritis & Rheumatism
- Vol. 56 (7), 2216-2222
- https://doi.org/10.1002/art.22738
Abstract
Objective To investigate the effect of pilocarpine on the salivary peptide and protein profile in patients with primary Sjögren's syndrome (SS) and to study the differences between patients with primary SS, patients with SS associated with other rheumatic diseases, and healthy control subjects. Methods Saliva specimens were obtained from 9 primary SS patients, 9 secondary SS patients, and 10 healthy controls. Samples were analyzed for levels of 62 different salivary proteins using high‐performance liquid chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry using a spectrometer equipped with an electrospray ionization source. In 6 of the primary SS patients, saliva was collected at 30 minutes, 60 minutes, and 24 hours after taking 5 mg of pilocarpine. Results Before pilocarpine, ∼60% of salivary proteins in samples from primary SS patients were not identifiable or showed lower levels than those in healthy controls. After 30–60 minutes following pilocarpine treatment, approximately one‐third of the less represented proteins was found in a similar percentage of primary SS patients and controls. Almost all of the proteins that were detectable at lower levels in primary SS patients compared with controls reached levels similar to those in controls at 30–60 minutes after pilocarpine. The parotid gland proteins had the best response to pilocarpine. Primary SS patients were characterized by higher α‐defensin 1 levels and by the presence of β‐defensin 2. Secondary SS patients showed an intermediate protein profile between that of the primary SS patients and the controls. Conclusion Pilocarpine partially restored the levels and numbers of identifiable proteins in saliva from patients with primary SS. Higher levels of α‐defensin 1 and the presence of β‐defensin 2 in the saliva of patients with primary SS could be markers of oral inflammation in this patient group.Keywords
This publication has 15 references indexed in Scilit:
- Identification of parotid salivary biomarkers in Sjögren's syndrome by surface-enhanced laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry and two-dimensional difference gel electrophoresisRheumatology, 2006
- Peptides of human gingival crevicular fluid determined by HPLC‐ESI‐MSEuropean Journal of Oral Sciences, 2005
- Sjögren's syndromeThe Lancet, 2005
- Correlation between β-defensin expression and induction profiles in gingival keratinocytesMolecular Immunology, 2005
- Salivary Enhancement TherapiesCaries Research, 2004
- The novel human beta‐defensin‐3 is widely expressed in oral tissuesEuropean Journal of Oral Sciences, 2002
- Expression profile of human defensins and antimicrobial proteins in oral tissuesJournal of Oral Pathology & Medicine, 2001
- Structure and mapping of the human β-defensin HBD-2 gene and its expression at sites of inflammationGene, 1998
- A universal algorithm for fast and automated charge state deconvolution of electrospray mass-to-charge ratio spectraJournal of the American Society for Mass Spectrometry, 1998
- Fluid and protein secretion by the submandibular glands of weanling rats in response to various agonistsArchives of Oral Biology, 1994