Tilletiaria anomala gen. et sp. nov. is described. The species is characterized by aculeate teliospores similar to those of some Ustilaginales. The transversely septate metabasidia, sterigmata, and basidiospores are as in the Auriculariaceae. The hyphal cells are monokaryotic and haploid; fertile branches are subtended by a fusion bridge through which dikaryotization occurs.