What Drives Neonatal Screening Programs?

Abstract

IN every state in the United States, newborn infants are routinely screened for phenylketonuria and hypothyroidism. In one or more states, screening is routine for at least one of nine other disorders.¹ The differences in states' policies on screening can seldom be explained by demographic factors. In states that adopt additional tests, pressure from those concerned about particular diseases has a role, as was the case when screening for phenylketonuria began.² In states that do not screen for additional diseases, uncertainty about the benefits and risks of tests, competition for scarce health care dollars, and the absence of public pressure . . .