Early Detection, Diagnosis and Management of Choroidal Neovascularization in Age-Related Macular Degeneration: The Role of Ophthalmologists

Abstract

Choroidal neovascularization (CNV) secondary to age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is a serious condition which, if unrecognized and untreated, can result in the rapid deterioration of vision. Early detection and prompt referral to a retina specialist may potentially reduce the high risk of severe vision loss. The majority of AMD patients with CNV who present to an ophthalmologist will have been referred by either a primary care physician or an optometrist. Following referral, ophthalmologists will confirm diagnosis and identify the location and composition of the CNV. This information will provide the basis for a decision on what treatment, if any, is indicated. Until last year, laser photocoagulation was the only clinically-proven treatment option for neovascular AMD in large-scale randomized clinical trials, although many patients were not eligible for this treatment. Verteporfin (VisudyneTM) therapy is a new treatment option that uses photodynamic therapy in patients with predominantly classic subfoveal CNV secondary to AMD. Retrospective analyses show that the introduction of verteporfin therapy is likely to increase the number of patients with neovascular AMD who can be treated. Early detection, prompt referral and treatment, together with appropriate use of low vision aids, will help to optimize patient outcomes and quality of life.