Prognosis of High Dose Chemotherapy/Autologous Bone Marrow Transplantation Candidates not Receiving This Treatment after Failure of Primary Therapy of Hodgkin's Disease

Abstract

In a multicenter study on the therapy of Hodgkin's disease, in 88 out of 297 patients with primary advanced stages IIIB/IV, a failure to the treatment with the alternating chemotherapy COPP/ABVD ± radiation was recorded. The cause of failure was as follows: tumor progression under current therapy (PD) 23/88, partial response at the end of therapy (PR) 28/ 88, early nodal relapses 13/88, late nodal relapses 16/88, extranodal relapses 7/88, undetermined localization 1/88.36 months after manifestation of the failure to treatment, 45% of all patients were still alive. In cases of primary PD the prognosis was the worst of all. Only 1/23 of these patients received a long-term continuous complete remission (cCR) with the salvage therapy. 11 patients with only a nodal relapse received a cCR with irradiation alone. These cases could be regarded as low risk relapses. For the high risk relapse group (n = 57) an indication for high dose chemotherapy with subsequent autologous bone marrow transplantation (HDC/ABMT) would have been imperative, following the present-day definition. The probability of survival of these patients who, however, only received a conventional salvage therapy was up to 38% (95% confidence interval 22-54%). Comparing these data with the literature our results seem not to be substantially worse than those for patients who underwent HDC/ABMT. Only in a randomized comparison can the decision be made on whether HDC/ABMT would be superior to high dose conventional chemotherapy supported by hematopoietic growth factors. It is suggested that such a therapy study be performed as soon as possible.