Approximately one fifth of all the hospital beds in the United States are required for victims of the single disorder dementia praecox. In addition, there are many patients not under custody. Dementia praecox is a disorder that characteristically takes onset in the early prime of life and persists for many years. In terms of total economic loss it costs approximately a million dollars a day in the United States alone. Its cost in human misery cannot be calculated. The disorder has been recognized in its main features from the dawn of medical history. Why, then, in this age of medical advancement, has understanding of its causation and treatment so wofully lagged? One important reason, no doubt, is sheer fatalism, an attitude thoroughly unworthy of twentieth century medicine. More important, and to a considerable extent growing out of this fatalistic attitude, is a large measure of simple neglect. So heavy is