Eight cases of Felty''s syndrome in which splenectomy was performed are presented. Excellent results were achieved in terms of remission of critical infections incident to leukopenia in these patients. Three patients had sustained remission of cytopenia (leukopenia and anemia) following splenectomy. Two maintained normal leukocyte counts and hemoglobin, but became neutropenic. One failed to respond. The arthritis was not unusual. Aside from the presence of cytopenia and splenomegaly, no distinctive features separated these patients from uncomplicated rheumatoid arthritis. Felty''s syndrome is considered to lie somewhere between rheumatoid arthritis and disseminated lupus erythematosus according to the concept of these diseases representing a similar pathologic entity with a widespread spectrum of clinical manifestations. Spleneetomy is recommended when leukopenia, neutropenia and infections are a serious threat to the patient.