Ovarian resection was performed by means of celioscopy in 12 patients with polycystic ovaries (PCO), who had not responded to clomiphene + HCG therapy. This therapy had induced ovulation in only 14% of 56 therapeutic cycles. Ovarian resection through celioscopy induced ovulation in 45% of cycles. Clomiphene + HCG therapy after resection in patients with no spontaneous ovulation induced ovulation in 44 % of cycles. Seven pregnancies followed in 5 women, equal to 41 % of patients. Hormonal patterns (FSH, LH, E2, progesterone, dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate, testosterone) before and after resection showed no significant variation. The authors emphasize other advantages of this technique, such as fewer surgical injuries than laparotomy, relative harmlessness of the treatment, the possibility of repeating it and of performing subsequent laparotomy.