The Effect of Metabolites, Metabolite Antagonists and Enzyme-Inhibitors on the Growth of the Vaccinia Virus in Maitland Type of Tissue Cultures

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Abstract
A series of compounds was tested in Maitland type of tissue cultures containing chick embryonic tissue in order to determine which substances possess the capacity to increase or decrease the growth of the vaccinia virus. Succinic acid and other intermediary products of carbohydrate metabolism were not observed to exert a significant influence on the development of the virus. The majority of these compounds increase the rate of oxygen uptake by isolated tissues. Dinitrophenol inhibited growth of the virus in a concentration of 1 × 10−4. This substance stimulates the respiration of tissues. Cyanide, azide, atabrine, proflavine, iodoacetic acid and other enzyme-inhibitors either reduced or prevented viral multiplication in a concentration of 1 × 10−5. Malonic acid was less inhibitory. Analogues of pantothenic and nicotinic acid produced no demonstrable effect on the growth of the virus. Desthiobiotin also was found to be inactive but γ-(3,4-ureylene cyclohexyl) butyric acid stimulated multiplication. Four substituted amino acids, including methoxinine, amino methane sulfonic acid, α-amino isobutane sulfonic acid and α-amino-phenylmethane sulfonic acid were inhibitory in a concentration of 1 × 10−3. Benzimidazole prevented viral multiplication. A second purine antagonist, 5-amino-7-hydroxy-1-v-triazolo [d] pyrimidine was inactive. Sodium sulfadiazine stimulated proliferation of the virus. p-Amino benzoic acid did not alter viral growth. Ascorbic acid decreased the rate of growth. 2-Methyl naphthoquinone, benzoquinone and hydroquinone were inhibitory for the virus.