Dermal penetration of three topical insect repellents in dogs and rabbits

Abstract

Three ¹⁴C-labeled candidate insect repellents, cyclohexamethylene carbamide, n-butylsulfonimidocyclohexamethylene and 2-hydroxyethylcyclohexane carboxylate were evaluated for skin penetration in dogs and rabbits. Absorption of the repellents was determined by monitoring excreted urine daily for seven days following topical application. Significant percutaneous absorption of all three repellents occurred within 24 hours. ¹⁴C-cyclohexamethylene carbamide showed the greatest absorption. Measurable amounts of radioactivity persisted at the application site for both species after seven days.