Maximal performance at altitude and on return from altitude in conditioned runners.

Abstract

Maximal aerobic capacity as measured by the maximal oxygen intake (Vo2max), ventilation (VE)max, heart rate (HRmax), bicycle-riding time, and outdoor running times, were measured in six well-conditioned runners at altitudes of 300 m, 4,000 m, and after return to 300 m. The runners maintained a training regimen at all altitudes. VO2max decreased 26% at 4,000 m as compared to the values at 300 m. VEmax was increased at 4,000 m, and HRmax remained relatively unchanged. VO2max was no higher following return to 300 m than it had been before going to altitude. A synergistic effect of exercise plus hypoxia as a training stimulus was not found. Performance times were similar on return from altitude in track events to what they were before going to altitude. Pulmonary edema did not occur in any of the runners. After 4-5 weeks at altitude, the runners could compete on equal terms in soccer with native residents at 4,000 m.