Pulmonary edema as a complication of acute airway obstruction

Abstract

Acute fulminating pulmonary edema developed in 3 patients after acute airway obstruction secondary to tumor, strangulation and interrupted hanging (1 case each). The common etiologic factor was vigorous inspiratory effort against a totally obstructed upper airway. Acute pulmonary edema followed the event in minutes to hours and required ventilatory assistance to maintain oxygenation. All patients eventually responded to fluid restriction, diuretics and steroids. One case was complicated by aspiration of gastric contents following respiratory failure. This condition is previously unreported in English literature. The pathogenesis is apparently related to alveolar and capillary damage, induced by the severe negative pressure generated by attempting to inspire against the closed upper airway.