Conjugational transfer of several IncQ plasmids from Escherichia coli to the strictly anaerobic, sulfate-reducing bacterium Desulfovibrio desulfuricans strain G100A was demonstrated. Plasmid DNA from exconjugants was visualized on agarose gels and was used to transform E. coli to the appropriate antibiotic resistances. Neither transfer of IncW and IncP plasmids to strain G100A, nor transfer of any plasmids to D. desulfuricans strain ATCC 27774 was observed. Conjugation of suicide plasmids containing either Tn5 or Tn9 into D. desulfuricans did not result in detectable transposition. Optimal conditions for conjugational transfer and antibiotic resistance levels of strain G100A were examined.