Human prostate specific and shared differentiation antigens defined by monoclonal antibodies.

Abstract

Splenic lymphocytes of BALB/c mice immunized with membrane-enriched fractions of human benign prostatic hyperplasia tissues were fused with the NS-1 L chain-secreting murine myeloma cell line. This generated hybridoma cultures that secreted Ig reactive in solid-phase radioimmunoassays with membrane preparations of prostatic tissues but not with membrane preparations of apparently normal human liver, spleen, thymus or erythrocytes. After further screening of immunoglobulin reactivities and cloning of cultures, 8 monoclonal antibodies were chosen that demonstrated reactivity with human prostate tissues. These monoclonal antibodies could be placed into at least 3 major groups-epithelium-specific, polyepithelial and stroma-specific-on the basis of differential binding to the surfaces of various component cells in the prostate and other epithelia. Two antibodies defined unique protein antigens specific for prostate epithelia that were not crossreactive with prostatic acid phosphatase or the recently described prostatic antigen. These antibodies also detected antigens on malignant prostate tissues as well as other malignant tissues. Four antibodies defined 3 unique polyepithelial protein antigens (2 of the antibodies were different isotypes defining the same protein). Each of the polyepithelial antigens was expressed on a different spectrum of normal epithelial tissues. Two displayed brain tissue crossreactivity, one was present on pancreas and one was present on platelets. The 2 antibodies that detected prostatic stromal protein antigens showed different spectra of reactivities. One antibody reacted with apparently all prostatic stromal cells as well as endothelial cells in the prostate and other organs. The other antibody apparently reacted with all prostatic stromal cells as well as myoepithelial and muscle cells in other organs. [All of the currently described monoclonal antibodies were made to surface antigens on cultured prostatic carcinoma.].