Despite the increased incidence of esophageal hiatus hernia (sliding) that have been reported following barium meal examinations there does not appear to be a comparative increase in the number of patients with carcinoma of the stomach. However, in those patients in whom hiatus hernia is associated with carcinoma of the stomach a vast majority were located in the cardia of the stomach. Therefore, the involvement of the cardia of the stomach in these cases suggests that the carcinoma precedes the hernia and by its growth produces a lax hiatus, reflex contraction of the esophagus and finally hernia. This is further confirmed by the fact that esophagitis has never been reported in those cases of carcinoma of the stomach in association with hiatus hernia. Two cases of carcinoma of the cardia of the stomach in association with hiatus hernia are presented. The association of these two conditions is reported only to minimize the possibility that hiatus hernia predisposes to carcinoma of the cardia of the stomach.