Gauge-symmetry hierarchies

Abstract

It is shown that one cannot artifically establish a gauge hierarchy of any desired magnitude by arbitrarily adjusting the scalar-field parameters in the Lagrangian and using the tree approximation to the potential; radiative corrections will set an upper bound on such a hierarchy. If the gauge coupling constant is approximately equal to the electromagnetic coupling constant, the upper bound on the ratio of vector-meson masses is of the order of ${\alpha }^{-\frac{1}{2}}$, independent of the sclar-field masses and their self-couplings. In particular, the usual assumption that large scalar-field mass ratios in the Lagrangian can induce large vector-meson mass ratios is false. A thus far unsuccessful search for natural gauge hierarchies is briefly discussed. It is shown that if such a hierarchy occurred, it would have an upper bound of the order of ${\alpha }^{-\frac{1}{2}}$.