Experimental Study of Blown Sand on a Wetted Sand Surface

Abstract
A literature survey of blown sand on a wetted sand surface is given and the present state of the art is briefly summarized. To fill in certain information gaps, three experiments were performed for 1) the threshold wind speed of sand grains with high water content, 2) the sand transport rate by wind on a wetted sand surface and 3) the drying process of a wetted sand surface in the field. It was found that even on a surface of high water content, sand grains begin to move when the wind speed 15 cm above the surface is greater than 15 m/s. The sand transport rate at a wind speed of 12 m/s is negligible if the water content at the surface is greater than 11%. The transport of sand with a water content of less than 11% is a close function of the evaporation from the surface, which is mainly affected by air humidity. The drying speed of a wetted sand surface exposed to direct solar radiation is considerably higher than without exposure. It is therefore concluded that solar radiation is one of the important factors affecting the sand transport rate by wind on a wetted surface because of its influence on evaporation.