Human exposure assessment to environmental chemicals using biomonitoring
Open Access
- 7 February 2006
- journal article
- review article
- Published by Wiley in International Journal of Andrology
- Vol. 29 (1), 166-171
- https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2605.2005.00570.x
Abstract
In modern societies, humans may be exposed to a wide spectrum of environmental chemicals. Although the health significance of this exposure for many chemicals is unknown, studies to investigate the prevalence of exposure are warranted because of the chemicals’ potential harmful health effects, as often indicated in animal studies. Three tools have been used to assess exposure: exposure history/questionnaire information, environmental monitoring, and biomonitoring (i.e. measuring concentrations of the chemicals, their metabolites, or their adducts in human specimens). We present an overview on the use of biomonitoring in exposure assessment using phthalates, bisphenol A and other environmental phenols, and perfluorinated chemicals as examples. We discuss some factors relevant for interpreting and understanding biomonitoring data, including selection of both biomarkers of exposure and human matrices, and toxicokinetic information. The use of biomonitoring in human risk assessment is not discussed.Keywords
This publication has 27 references indexed in Scilit:
- Characterizing children's exposures: beyond NHANESNeuroToxicology, 2005
- Historical Comparison of Perfluorooctanesulfonate, Perfluorooctanoate, and Other Fluorochemicals in Human BloodEnvironmental Health Perspectives, 2005
- Urinary Concentrations of Bisphenol A and 4-Nonylphenol in a Human Reference PopulationEnvironmental Health Perspectives, 2005
- Environmental chemicals in human milk: a review of levels, infant exposures and health, and guidance for future researchToxicology and Applied Pharmacology, 2004
- Determination of bisphenol A in human breast milk by HPLC with column‐switching and fluorescence detectionBiomedical Chromatography, 2004
- Automated solid phase extraction and quantitative analysis of human milk for 13 phthalate metabolitesJournal of Chromatography B, 2004
- Internal exposure of nursery-school children and their parents and teachers to di(2-ethylhexyl)phthalate (DEHP)International Journal of Hygiene and Environmental Health, 2004
- Absorption, disposition and metabolism of di‐isononyl phthalate (DINP) in F‐344 ratsJournal of Applied Toxicology, 2002
- Measurement of organophosphate metabolites in postpartum meconium as a potential biomarker of prenatal exposure: a validation study.Environmental Health Perspectives, 2001
- Utilization of umbilical cords to assess in utero exposure to persistent pesticides and polychlorinated biphenylsJournal of Exposure Science & Environmental Epidemiology, 2000