Atomic-Beam Study of the Stark Effect in the Cesium and RubidiumDLines

Abstract

Details of a new atomic-beam method for the study of the Stark effect in optical transition are presented. The method is then applied to a study of the transitions $6{}_{}{}^2{}_{}{}^{}p_{\frac{1}{2},\frac{3}{2}}^{}{}_{}{}^{}\leftrightarrow 6{}_{}{}^2{}_{}{}^{}s_{\frac{1}{2}}^{}{}_{}{}^{}$ in cesium and $5{}_{}{}^2{}_{}{}^{}p_{\frac{1}{2},\frac{3}{2}}^{}{}_{}{}^{}\leftrightarrow 5{}_{}{}^2{}_{}{}^{}s_{\frac{1}{2}}^{}{}_{}{}^{}$ in rubidium. The splitting by the electric field of the $p_{\frac{3}{2}}$ level into two levels is observed. It is shown that the characterization of the Stark effect in the ${}_{}{}^2{}_{}{}^{}p$ levels by a simple scalar and tensor polarizability does not hold. Fine-structure effects giving rise to differences of the ${}_{}{}^2{}_{}{}^{}p_{\frac{1}{2}}^{}{}_{}{}^{}$ and ${}_{}{}^2{}_{}{}^{}p_{\frac{3}{2}}^{}{}_{}{}^{}$ radial functions are sufficiently strong that the Stark effect of the ${}_{}{}^2{}_{}{}^{}p$ level must be expressed in terms of three parameters. If the polarizability $\alpha \left(n{}_{}{}^2{}_{}{}^{}p{}_J{}^{}{}_{}{}^{}m_J^{}{}_{}{}^{}\right)$ is defined by the relation $\Delta W\left(n{}_{}{}^2{}_{}{}^{}p{}_J{}^{}{}_{}{}^{}m_J^{}{}_{}{}^{}\right)=-\frac{1}{2}{E}^2\alpha \left(n{}_{}{}^2{}_{}{}^{}p{}_J{}^{}{}_{}{}^{}m_J^{}{}_{}{}^{}\right)$, where $E$ is the electric field and $\Delta W$ the induced energy shift, then the following values of the polarizabilities are deduced. For cesium, $\alpha \left(6\mathrm{}{}_{}{}^2{}_{}{}^{}p_{\frac{1}{2}}^{}{}_{}{}^{}\right)=187\mathrm{}\mathrm{}\left(29\right)\mathrm{}\times {10}^{-24\mathrm{}}$

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