Genomic Divergence of HIV-2 from Ghana

Abstract

Genetic variability in human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) has been studied extensively, but the total nucleotide sequence of the HIV-2 genome has been reported only in two strains. For phylogenetic analyses of HIV, the genetic variability of HIV-2 should be investigated. This paper reports the complete nucleotide sequence of an HIV-2 isolate from Ghana, HIV-2[GH-1], This virus showed approximately 85% homology in overall nucleotide sequence with HIV-2_ROD. The amino acid sequence of the gag and pol proteins of HIV-2[GH-1] showed 90% homology with those of HIV-2_ROD, but its env gene and central regions were highly variable (more than 20% divergence in amino acids), indicating the presence of extensive genetic heterogeneity in HIV-2. However, the sequences with specific functions were relatively well conserved in these HIV-2 isolates.