Expanded Capabilities for the Ionospheric Forecast Model

Abstract
The Ionospheric Forecast Model (IFM) is a computationally efficient, user friendly, model of the global ionosphere that was developed for operational use at the Space Forecast Center. The model provides 12 hours forecasts for the global distributions of the molecular (NO+, O2+, N2+) and O+ densities, and the electron and ion temperatures, at E and F region altitudes (90-1000 km). The model also contains a simple algorithm for predicting H+ densities in the F region. The IFM is self-contained and is run by specifying a few simple parameters and geophysical indices. With support from this contract, the capabilities of the IFM were expanded in order to improve the reliability of its predictions. This involved the extension of the model to 1600 km, and the development of a Kp forecast algorithm, which was needed in order to obtain forecasts for the time-dependent convection and precipitation patterns. An extensive validation of the IFM was also conducted, including both climatology and storm simulations. In addition, the IFM was modified so that it could be coupled to the Thermospheric Forecast Model (TFM). As part of this effort, we developed the necessary coupling algorithms. Finally, we initiated the construction of a global dynamo model.