Liquid-phase sintering and chemical inhomogeneity in the BaTiO3–BaCO3–LiF system
- 1 February 2000
- journal article
- Published by Springer Nature in Journal of Materials Research
- Vol. 15 (2), 407-416
- https://doi.org/10.1557/jmr.2000.0064
Abstract
An ongoing goal of multilayer capacitor research is to lower the firing temperature of the dielectric. This paper gives a detailed study of sintering BaTiO3 with LiF flux, which lowers the firing temperature through liquid-phase sintering. A detailed set of experiments is discussed concerning microstructural evolution and corresponding dielectric properties under a number of processing variables, including amount of LiF, sintering temperature, and particle size. Different scales of chemical inhomogeneity were observed in this system, which reflect two underlying mechanisms: solution reprecipitation with limited grain growth at low temperatures, which resulted in distinct core–shell structures, and flux volatility, which gave rise to microscopic chemical inhomogeneity at higher sintering temperatures.Keywords
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