Social Factors Associated with Adolescent Obesity

Abstract

A theoretical framework, called the dynamic interaction model, has been proposed by Lerner for understanding the relationships between physical appearance and psychosocial functioning. This model proposes that biological maturation influences the types of experiences of the organism and will in turn be influenced by these experiences. The present study investigated one aspect of the model as it applies to obesity by assessing differential treatment based on body build by means of sociometric measures and behavioral observations of social interactions. A group of 220 sixth- and seventh-grade children participated in sociometric assessment and were rated by independent observers according to body build. Based on these ratings, 48 subjects were selected and divided into three equal groups; average, slightly overweight, and obese. All children participated in a small group task while behavioral observations were made of selected target children. Results revealed no differences between the groups on sociometrics. Overweight children did dispense and receive more negative peer interactions, offering support for one aspect of the model by demonstrating differences in social interactions based on body build. This is a relevant finding predicted by the model, especially in light of previous research indicating that peer group interactions during childhood are related to good adjustment later in life.