The Oriental Honeybee (Apis indica Fabricius), found throughout Japan, China, India, The Philippine Islands, Indo-China and the Malay Region, is one of the native honeybees of the Oriental Realm and, until the recent introduction of Apis mellifera L. from abroad, has been the main source of honey in these countries. From studies by the writer on specimens of these bees from the countries mentioned above, it is apparent that the largest individuals of this species occur in Fukien Province, in Southeastern China. These bees were identified as Apis indica var. peroni by Dr. T. Sonan, of the Government Research Institute in Taihoku, Formosa. Unless otherwise noted, the studies reported in this paper refer to this variety of Apis indica.