The study of the immunological aspects of viral uveitis deals with virology as well as ophthalmology. Viral uveitis can be the result of direct invasion of the uvea by viral particles, or possibly by immune complexes, and even autoimmune reactions can play a role. The diagnosis will be made, besides the rare finding of viruses, by measuring circulating antibodies in serum and aqueous. The evolution of the disease and its therapy raise many questions involving the humoral and the cellular immune systems.