Further Evidence Relating Mitral-Valve Prolapse to Cerebral Ischemic Events

Abstract

Echocardiography demonstrates prolapse of the mitral valve in at least 5 per cent of the population. Since some observations have linked this condition to stroke, we studied its incidence in two groups of patients with cerebral ischemia. The older group contained 141 patients over 45 years of age (mean, 64.7 years) who had transient ischemia or partial stroke. Prolapse was found in eight (5.7 per cent) of these patients and in 10 (7.1 per cent) of 141 age-matched controls. The second group contained 60 patients who had transient ischemia or partial stroke and were under 45 years old (mean 33.9 years). Prolapse was detected in 24 patients (40 per cent) but in only five (6.8 per cent) of 60 age-matched controls (mean age, 33.7 years). The odds ratio, 9.33, was highly significant (P<0.001). In six of the 24 patients there were other potential causes for cerebral ischemia, leaving 18 in whom the only recognizable potential cause was a prolapsing mitral valve (odds ratio, 7.00; P<0.001). This study suggests that this entity has a role in cerebral ischemia, at least in younger patients. (N Engl J Med 302:139–144, 1980)