Sphingosine-1-Phosphate Prevents Tumor Necrosis Factor-α–Mediated Monocyte Adhesion to Aortic Endothelium in Mice

Abstract

Objective— Endothelial activation and monocyte adhesion to endothelium are key events in inflammation. Sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P) is a sphingolipid that binds to G protein-coupled receptors on endothelial cells (ECs). We examined the role of S1P in modulating endothelial activation and monocyte–EC interactions in vivo.