Lithographically structured electrically conducting polymers can be otained via photoexposure of precomposites, consisting of a matrix polymer and a photosensitive oxidant. Upon the selective destruction of the oxidant, the remaining oxidant can be used to convert a suitable monomer from its vapor phase into a lithographically patterned, electrically conducting polymer. This two-dimensional pattern can be converted into a three-dimensional pattern either via selective RIE or via electroplating a metal or other conducting material on top of the above composite. In a typical example the matrix polymer is PVC, pyrrole saves as the monomer, FeC13 as the photosensitive oxidant and copper is being electroplated onto the polypyrrole pattern.