Abstract
Fluid flow temperature controllers may be used as general purpose laboratory instruments if sufficient flow rate, control flexibility, and ease of design and fabrication are provided. Performance of 220°C/min slew rate and ±0.25°C dead band over the range −180 to 90°C is readily attainable from the instrument with nitrogen gas flows of 60 liters/min when liquid nitrogen is used as heat sink and boiling water as heat source.

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