Expression of a plant gene with sequence similarity to animal TGF‐β receptor interacting protein is regulated by brassinosteroids and required for normal plant development

Abstract

Brassinosteroids (BRs) regulate the expression of numerous genes associated with plant development, and require the activity of a Ser/Thr receptor kinase to realize their effects. In animals, the transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) family of peptides acts via Ser/Thr receptor kinases to have a major impact on several pathways involved in animal development and adult homeostasis. TGF-β receptor-interacting protein (TRIP-1) was previously shown by others to be an intracellular substrate of the TGF-β type II receptor kinase which plays an important role in TGF-β signaling. TRIP-1 is a WD-repeat protein that also has a dual role as an essential subunit of the eukaryotic translation initiation factor eIF3 in animals, yeast and plants, thereby revealing a putative link between a developmental signaling pathway and the control of protein translation. In yeast, expression of a TRIP-1 homolog has also been closely associated with cell proliferation and progression through the cell cycle. We report here the novel observation that transcript levels of TRIP-1 homologs in plants are regulated by BR treatment under a variety of conditions, and that transgenic plants expressing antisense TRIP-1 RNA exhibit a broad range of developmental defects, including some that resemble the phenotype of BR-deficient and -insensitive mutants. This correlative evidence suggests that a WD-domain protein with reported dual functions in vertebrates and fungi might mediate some of the molecular mechanisms underlying the regulation of plant growth and development by BRs.