In his textbook, Kaposi1called attention to an alarming complication of infantile eczema. He stated that the eruption looks like varicella but undoubtedly is not. It is accompanied with high fever, backache and other symptoms of varicella, but usually it does not cause prostration, although one child whom he observed died in convulsions. The distinctive feature of this eruption is its confinement to the upper part of the body of a person with an eczematous type of skin. Several years later, Juliusberg2described under the name "pustulosis varioliformis acuta" a disease picture which he subsequently recognized as the disease described by Kaposi. Since then, the condition has received little attention from dermatologists; it is either very rare or not often recognized. We were able to find only an additional twelve cases in the literature, although Kaposi stated in his original description that he had seen a