Preliminary results of primary systemic chemotherapy in association with surgery or radiotherapy in rapidly progressing breast cancer

Abstract

A total of 112 Tunisian patients with rapidly progressing breast cancer (RPBC) were entered into a clinical trial evaluating combination chemotherapy as a primary form of treatment before surgery or radiotherapy. Three cycles of cyclophosphamide, methotrexate and 5-fluorouracil (CMF) were administered at monthly intervals; patients were then randomized to surgery or radiotherapy to control the primary tumor; 12 more cycles of CMF followed local/regional therapy. RPBC was sensitive to CMF; after only 3 cycles, 11% of evaluable patients showed complete remission; 78% had at least 25% diminution in tumor size. The disease-free interval (DFI) was substantially greater in this series than in a previously reported series treated by surgery and/or radiotherapy alone. No difference in DFI was found between patients randomized to receive surgery and those randomized to receive radiotherapy. Postmenopausal patients responded to CMF as well as premenopausal patients. Combination chemotherapy appears to play an important role in the control of RPBC, an aggressive malignancy often resembling inflammatory breast cancer.